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基于AVR ATMega16 的PID控制算法程序

作者: 時(shí)間:2016-09-18 來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 收藏

  最近由于有些時(shí)間,于是想起了做一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì),在網(wǎng)上收集了不少關(guān)于控制的理論,于是計(jì)劃用mega16L做一個(gè)測(cè)試程序,發(fā)現(xiàn)一些意想不到的誤差,不知各位同仁是否有遇到與我的類似的現(xiàn)象:我定義了一個(gè)PID結(jié)構(gòu)體,在初始化的時(shí)候無(wú)法把每個(gè)元素的初始化值設(shè)置為0(見下面的仿真圖),而且,PID結(jié)構(gòu)體中的部分參數(shù)是應(yīng)該不變的,在整個(gè)PID運(yùn)算中,但是不應(yīng)該變化的參數(shù)卻在PID運(yùn)算發(fā)生了變化,不知道是什么原因,到現(xiàn)在也無(wú)法查出原因。有興趣的朋友可以一起參與討論或有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的朋友 給與相關(guān)幫助,謝謝!

本文引用地址:http://2s4d.com/article/201609/297088.htm

  詳細(xì)的代碼和仿真情況如下:(我的硬件系統(tǒng)是本站的min Mega16/32 + JTAG ICE)

  #include "config.h"

  struct _PID

  {

  float PVn; //反饋信號(hào)變量

  float SPn; //設(shè)定值

  float Mn; //PID運(yùn)算結(jié)果

  float Kc; //比例系數(shù)

  float Ts; //采樣時(shí)間(ms)

  float Ti; //積分時(shí)間(ms)

  float Td; //微分時(shí)間(ms)

  float Mx; //積分項(xiàng)調(diào)整參數(shù)

  float PVn_1;//前一次反饋?zhàn)兞?/p>

  float MPn; //比例項(xiàng)的結(jié)果值

  float MIn; //積分項(xiàng)的結(jié)果值

  float MDn; //微分項(xiàng)的結(jié)果值

  };

  struct _PID *myPID;

  void init_myPID(void);

  void init_ports(void);

  void init_device(void);

  float MPn_value(struct _PID *PID);

  float MIn_value(struct _PID *PID);

  float MDn_value(struct _PID *PID);

  float Mx_value(struct _PID *PID);

  float Mn_value(struct _PID *PID);

  void main (void)

  {

  init_device();

  init_myPID();

  myPID->SPn = 155.5;

  myPID->Kc = 13.2;

  myPID->Ts = 0.2;

  myPID->Ti = 600.0;

  myPID->Td = 0.0;

  myPID->PVn = 108.2;

  while(1)

  {

  myPID->MPn = MPn_value(myPID);

  myPID->MDn = MDn_value(myPID);

  myPID->Mx = Mx_value(myPID);

  myPID->MIn = MIn_value(myPID);

  myPID->Mn = Mn_value(myPID);

  myPID->PVn_1 = myPID->PVn;

  }

  }

  /******************************************************************************/

  void init_myPID(void)

  {

  myPID->PVn = 0.0;

  myPID->SPn = 0.0;

  myPID->Mn = 0.0;

  myPID->Kc = 0.0;

  myPID->Ts = 0.0;

  myPID->Ti = 0.0;

  myPID->Td = 0.0;

  myPID->Mx = 0.0;

  myPID->PVn_1 = 0.0;

  myPID->MPn = 0.0;

  myPID->MIn = 0.0;

  myPID->MDn = 0.0;

  }

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  void init_ports(void)

  {

  PORTA = 0x00; //If ADC Function was be used,the PORTA could`t set bit 1

  DDRA = 0x00; //the port set input mode.

  PORTB = 0x00;

  DDRB = 0x00;

  PORTC = 0x00; //m103 output only

  DDRC = 0x00;

  PORTD = 0x00;

  DDRD = 0x00;

  }

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  void init_device(void)

  {

  CLI();

  init_ports();

  MCUCR = 0x00; //Set Power control(State:Close)

  GICR = 0x00; //Set boot guide(State:Close).

  SEI(); //re-enable interrupts

  //all peripherals are now initialized

  }

  // 計(jì)算 比例項(xiàng)的值

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  float MPn_value(struct _PID *PID)

  {

  float myMPn = 0.0;

  myMPn = PID->Kc *( PID->SPn - PID->PVn);

  return myMPn;

  }

  //計(jì)算積分項(xiàng)的值

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  float MIn_value(struct _PID *PID)

  {

  float myMIn = 0.0;

  myMIn = PID->Kc*(PID->Ts/PID->Ti)*(PID->SPn - PID->PVn) + PID->Mx;

  return myMIn;

  }

  //計(jì)算微分項(xiàng)的值

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  float MDn_value(struct _PID *PID)

  {

  float myMDn = 0.0;

  myMDn = PID->Kc * (PID->Td/PID->Ts) * (PID->PVn_1 - PID->PVn);

  return myMDn;

  }

  //計(jì)算PID的結(jié)果

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  float Mn_value(struct _PID *PID)

  {

  float myMn = 0.0;

  myMn = PID->MPn + PID->MIn + PID->MDn;

  return myMn;

  }

  //計(jì)算積分項(xiàng)的調(diào)整值

  //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  float Mx_value(struct _PID *PID)

  {

  float myMx = 0.0;

  if(PID->Mn > 1.0)

  {

  myMx = 1.0 - (PID->MPn + PID->MDn);

  }

  else if(PID->Mn < 0.0)

  {

  myMx = -(PID->MPn + PID->MDn);

  }

  return myMx;

  }

  

 

  運(yùn)行到PID初始化函數(shù):void init_myPID(void)時(shí)的仿真結(jié)果如下:無(wú)法全部初始化為0

  

 

  運(yùn)行到:

  myPID->SPn = 155.5;

  myPID->Kc = 13.2;

  myPID->Ts = 0.2;

  myPID->Ti = 600.0;

  myPID->Td = 0.0;

  myPID->PVn = 108.2;

  重新賦值后,部分參數(shù)Ts并不為0.2



關(guān)鍵詞: AVR PID

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